เมืองอัจฉริยะ: เกณฑ์มาตรฐานที่แท้จริงของการเปลี่ยนแปลงและการเติบโต

อุตสาหกรรม IoT ได้ใช้เส้นทางที่น่าสนใจมากในช่วงไม่กี่ปีที่ผ่านมา. ด้วยความคาดหวังสูงตั้งแต่ต้น, ความผิดหวังบางอย่างสามารถรู้สึกได้ในตลาดและผู้คลางแคลงเริ่มถกเถียง IoT ในห้องประชุม. หลายคนตั้งคําถามถึงมูลค่าทางธุรกิจ, and whether it will generate justifiable ROI or achieve sustainable development goals.

The major concern is when the market will see positive economic gain at a scale? How big and sustainable will it really be?

There is no one simple answer. The market reality is that IoT is not an isolated technology or independent business segment, but rather an integral component of the overall digital transformation that ICT brings to our world ─ a fully interconnected ecosystem.

Regardless of where you are in the world, we see successful IoT stories in strategic segments like utilities, transportation, agriculture, and manufacturing.

Everyday we witness businesses that have already begun to feel the initial payoff from implementing IoT applications in their perspective operations, outcomes, and regional implementation in the developed and developing world alike.

เมืองอัจฉริยะ: A true driver of the IoT ecosystem

I’m usually selective in the IoT conferences I attend and out of many choices, I prioritize those themed around Smart Cities. This isn’t just because of the latest technologies that are discussed, because they also provide a benchmarking opportunity to gauge the state of the IoT industry and its current position with respect to achieving the promised economic growth.

การประชุม Smart City รวบรวมผู้มีอํานาจตัดสินใจที่มีพลังสูงจากทุกส่วนของระบบนิเวศ, รวมถึงผู้นําทางความคิด, ซัพพลายเออร์เทคโนโลยี, วิสาหกิจ, ตัวแทนรัฐบาล, นักวิจัยทางวิชาการ, และองค์กรไม่แสวงหาผลกําไร. ทั้งหมดให้มุมมองเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับท้องถิ่น, แห่งชาติ, และมุมมอง IoT ทั่วโลก.

What the research says

In the Smart City context, McKinsey Global Institute MGI recently published Smart Cities: Digital Solutions for a More Livable Future, which assesses how Smart City applications could affect various quality-of-life dimensions such as safety, health, environmental quality, social connectedness, civic participation, jobs, and the cost of living.

The research holds that Smart City applications can improve some key quality-of-life indicators by 10 ถึง 30 percent. Examples the report cites include reducing water consumption by up to 20 percent, un-recycled waste by 10 ถึง 20 percent, disease by 8 ถึง 15 percent, public transport commute times by 15 ถึง 20 percent, crime by 30 ถึง 40 percent, and emergency response times by 20 ถึง 30 percent.

The report also correlates the adoption success rate of Smart City deployment and the availability of the underlying technology base in terms of the extent of sensors and devices, the quality of communication networks, and the presence of open data portals.

It shows that high-income cities in North America, ยุโรป, จีน, and East Asia are continuing to build out a strong underlying technology base, while developing cities face a disadvantage, particularly in installing the sensor layer, the most capital-intensive element.

This explains why cities like New York, San Francisco, Stockholm, Amsterdam, สิงคโปร์, Seoul, Buenos Aires, Sao Paulo, Abu Dhabi and Dubai are among the front runners. All have ultra-high-speed communication networks and are in the process of launching 5G services. These cities have also expanded their sensor base beyond what most of their global peers have achieved.

Economic value

Similar to how mobile technologies have contributed to the global economy, we can draw similar projections for IoT. The latest GSMA2018 mobile economy report indicates that mobile technologies and services generated 4.5 percent of GDP globally in 2017, a contribution that amounted to US$3.6 trillion of economic value within a wider mobile ecosystem.

Putting that in an IoT context where the forecasted numbers of IoT connections in 2025 will surpass the number of connected people, then we can similarly measure IoT contribution in an economy by Average Connection Per Capita, as an indicator that has similar weight to GDP per capita, ARPU (average revenue per user) in telecoms, or ARPC (average revenue per connection) in IoT.

The number of connections per capita might well reflect the economy’s and organizations’ ability to generate value and revenue demonstrating their financial and economic strength.

The sooner things, industries and people are connected the sooner the benefits will be generated. The economic cost of not being connected is really high in the longer term.

The good news is that the market shows us strong indisputable indications that IoT is on the right track; not only for the potential economic prosperity in industrial countries, but equally importantly, to create substantial development for populations in emerging countries.